PEOPLE ON WHOM FASTING IS NOT OBLIGATORY DURING THE MONTH OF RAMADHAN.

1. A person who cannot fast because of old age, or for whom fasting causes extreme hardship.But in the latter case, he should give one mudd (¾ kg. [750 gms.] of food-stuff, like, wheat or barley or bread, etc.) to a poor person for every fast. However, if he becomes capable of fasting later, he should, on the basis of recommended precaution, give the qadha’ .
2. A person who suffers from a disease which causes excessive thirst, making it unbearable, or full of hardship. But in the latter case, that is, hardship, he should give one mudd of food to a poor person for every fast. At the same time, as a recommended precaution, such a person may not drink water in a quantity more than essential. If he recovers later, enabling him to fast, then as a recommended precaution, he should give qadha’. Note: A person cannot abandon fast on account of weakness unless it is to such an extent that fasting becomes totally unbearable.
3. A woman who is in advanced stage of pregnancy, for whom fasting is harmful or for the child she carries. For every day, however, she should give one mudd of food to poor. In both the cases, she has to give qadha’ for the fasts left out.
4. If a woman is suckling a child and the quantity of her milk is small, and if fasting is harmful to her or to the child. But she will give one mudd of food per day to poor. In both the cases, she will later give qadha’ for the fasts left out. Note: This rule is specifically applicable in a circumstance where this is the only way of feeding milk to the child (as an obligatory precaution).
5. A woman who is in the state of Haidh or Nifas. She has to give qadha’ for the fasts left out.
6. If a person knows that fasting is not harmful to him, he should fast even if his doctor advises him that it is harmful. And if a person is certain or has a strong feeling that fasting is harmful to him, he should not fast even if the doctor advises for it. He/she is required to give qadha’ for the fasts left out. Note: If a person, without any shari’i reason does not observe qadha of the fasts left out during Mahe Ramadhan till next Ramadhan, then in addition to offering the qadha of the fasts he/she left , on the basis of obligatory precaution, he/she will give one mudd of food to poor for each fast left out.

(According to FATAWA of Ayatullah Al-Uzma Seyyid Ali-Husaini Seestani